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{{q2|Probability or Possibility?|}}
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==Gradualised truth==
==GFuzzy truth==
In the ambitious attempt to mathematically translate human rationality, it was thought in the mid-twentieth century to expand the concept of classical logic by formulating fuzzy logic. Fuzzy logic concerns the properties that we could call ‘graduality’, i.e., which can be attributed to an object with different degrees. Examples are the properties ‘being sick’, ‘having pain’, ‘being tall’, ‘being young’, and so on.
In the ambitious attempt to mathematically translate human rationality, it was thought in the mid-twentieth century to expand the concept of classical logic by formulating fuzzy logic. Fuzzy logic concerns the properties that we could call ‘graduality’, i.e., which can be attributed to an object with different degrees. Examples are the properties ‘being sick’, ‘having pain’, ‘being tall’, ‘being young’, and so on.
The importance and the charm of fuzzy logic arise from the fact that it is able to translate the uncertainty inherent in some data of human language into mathematical formalism, coding ‘elastic’ concepts (such as almost high, fairly good, etc.), in order to make them understandable and manageable by computers.
The importance and the charm of fuzzy logic arise from the fact that it is able to translate the uncertainty inherent in some data of human language into mathematical formalism, coding ‘elastic’ concepts (such as almost high, fairly good, etc.), in order to make them understandable and manageable by computers.
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==*Set theor*==
==*Set theory==
As mentioned in the previous chapter, the basic concept of fuzzy logic is that of multivalence, i.e., in terms of set theory, of the possibility that an object can belong to a set even partially and, therefore, also to several sets with different degrees. Let us recall from the beginning the basic elements of the theory of ordinary sets. As will be seen, in them appear the formal expressions of the principles of Aristotelian logic, recalled in the previous chapter.
As mentioned in the previous chapter, the basic concept of fuzzy logic is that of multivalence, i.e., in terms of set theory, of the possibility that an object can belong to a set even partially and, therefore, also to several sets with different degrees. Let us recall from the beginning the basic elements of the theory of ordinary sets. As will be seen, in them appear the formal expressions of the principles of Aristotelian logic, recalled in the previous chapter.