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Resources:Electrical stimulation of cranial nerves in cognition and disease (view source)
Revision as of 19:10, 23 March 2021
, 4 years ago→Table 1
=== Table 1 ===
=== Table 1 ===
Summary of cranial nerve modality, conduction direction and function. The modality describes the type of information each nerve conducts. Classic modality are the designations given by anatomists; SVA – special visceral afferent; SSA – special sensory afferent; GSA – general sensory afferent; SVE – special visceral efferent; GVE –general visceral efferent; GSE – general sensory efferent, A– Afferent, E − Efferent. Cranial nerves that contain at least one major afferent branch — characterized fully in this review — are bolded.
<small>''Summary of cranial nerve modality, conduction direction and function. The modality describes the type of information each nerve conducts. Classic modality are the designations given by anatomists; SVA – special visceral afferent; SSA – special sensory afferent; GSA – general sensory afferent; SVE – special visceral efferent; GVE –general visceral efferent; GSE – general sensory efferent, A– Afferent, E − Efferent. Cranial nerves that contain at least one major afferent branch — characterized fully in this review — are bolded.''</small>
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<table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" class="scrollable bordered">
<tr style="background-color:#BED1D1">
<th class="rowsep">Cranial Nerves</th>
<th class="rowsep">Modality</th>
<th class="rowsep">Classic Modality</th>
<th class="rowsep"> ↔ </th>
<th class="rowsep">Function</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>I (Olfaction)</strong></td>
<td>Special sensory</td>
<td>SVA</td>
<td>A</td>
<td>Smell</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>II (Optic)</strong></td>
<td>Special sensory</td>
<td>SSA</td>
<td>A</td>
<td>Vision</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2" scope="rowgroup">III (Oculomotor)</td>
<td>Parasympathetic motor</td>
<td>GVE</td>
<td>E</td>
<td rowspan="2" scope="rowgroup">Parasympathetic control of eye muscles</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Somatic motor</td>
<td>GSE</td>
<td>E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>IV (Trochlear)</td>
<td>Somatic motor</td>
<td>GSE</td>
<td>E</td>
<td>Motor control of eye muscles</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2" scope="rowgroup"><strong>V (Trigeminal)</strong></td>
<td>Somatic sensory</td>
<td>GSA</td>
<td>A</td>
<td>Touch from face</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Branchial motor</td>
<td>SVE</td>
<td>E</td>
<td>Motor control of mastication</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>VI (Abducens)</td>
<td>Somatic motor</td>
<td>GSE</td>
<td>E</td>
<td>Control of muscles of the eyes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="4" scope="rowgroup"><strong>VII (Facial)</strong></td>
<td rowspan="2" scope="rowgroup">Somatic sensory Visceral sensory</td>
<td>GSA</td>
<td>A</td>
<td>Touch from ear</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>SVA</td>
<td>A</td>
<td>Taste</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2" scope="rowgroup">Parasympathetic motor Branchial motor</td>
<td>GVE</td>
<td>E</td>
<td>Parasympathetic control of oral/nasal/tongue glands</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>SVE</td>
<td>E</td>
<td>Muscles of the face</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>VIII (Vestibulocochlear)</strong></td>
<td>Somatic sensory</td>
<td>SSA</td>
<td>A</td>
<td>Balance/hearing</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="4" scope="rowgroup"><strong>IX (Glossopharyngeal)</strong></td>
<td>Somatic sensory</td>
<td>GSA</td>
<td>A</td>
<td>Sensation from the tongue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Visceral sensory</td>
<td>SVA/GVA</td>
<td>A</td>
<td>Sensation from the carotid body and sinus; taste</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parasympathetic motor</td>
<td>GVE</td>
<td>E</td>
<td>Parasympathetic control of glands and mucosa</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Branchial motor</td>
<td>SVE</td>
<td>E</td>
<td>Control of facial muscles</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="4" scope="rowgroup"><strong>X (Vagus)</strong></td>
<td>Somatic Sensory</td>
<td>GSA</td>
<td>A</td>
<td>Touch from the ear</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Visceral sensory</td>
<td>SVA/GVA</td>
<td>A</td>
<td>Taste; sensory info from the pharynx, larynx, abdomen, heart</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parasympathetic motor</td>
<td>GVE</td>
<td>E</td>
<td>Parasympathetic control of smooth muscle and glands in the body and throat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Branchial motor</td>
<td>SVE</td>
<td>E</td>
<td>Motor control of the pharynx and larynx</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>XI (Accessory)</td>
<td>Branchial/Somatic motor</td>
<td>SVE</td>
<td>E</td>
<td>Control of sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>XII (Hypoglossal)</td>
<td>Somatic motor</td>
<td>GSE</td>
<td>E</td>
<td>Muscles of the tongue</td>
</tr>
</table>
----
<small>''Classic modality are the designations given by anatomists; SVA – special visceral afferent; SSA – special sensory afferent; GSA – general sensory afferent; SVE – special visceral efferent; GVE –general visceral efferent; GSE – general sensory efferent, A– Afferent, E − Efferent. Cranial nerves that contain at least a major afferent branch — characterized fully in this review — are bolded.''</small>
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