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  }}</ref> وفقًا لكون ، "العلم نموذجي" ، ويمكن إرجاع الترسيم بين العلم والعلم الزائف إلى وجود "نموذج". يتم استيعاب تطور التقدم العلمي في "منحنى مستمر يخضع للانقطاع في التغييرات النموذجية".  

  }}</ref> وفقًا لكون ، "العلم نموذجي" ، ويمكن إرجاع الترسيم بين العلم والعلم الزائف إلى وجود "نموذج". يتم استيعاب تطور التقدم العلمي في "منحنى مستمر يخضع للانقطاع في التغييرات النموذجية".  

For example, in phase 2 of the Kuhn Paradigms, called '''Normal Science''', scientists are seen as problem solvers, who work to improve the agreement between the paradigm and nature.  

على سبيل المثال ، في المرحلة الثانية من نماذج كون ، المسماة "العلوم العادية" ، يُنظر إلى العلماء على أنهم يحلون المشكلات ، ويعملون على تحسين الاتفاق بين النموذج والطبيعة.  

This phase, in fact, is based on a set of basic principles dictated by the paradigm, which are not questioned but which, indeed, are entrusted with the task of indicating the coordinates of the works to come. In this phase, the measuring instruments with which the experiments are made are developed, most of the scientific articles are produced and its results constitute significant growth in scientific knowledge. In the normal science phase both successes and failures will be achieved; the failures are called by Kuhn ''anomalies'', or ''events that go against the paradigm''.  

This phase, in fact, is based on a set of basic principles dictated by the paradigm, which are not questioned but which, indeed, are entrusted with the task of indicating the coordinates of the works to come. In this phase, the measuring instruments with which the experiments are made are developed, most of the scientific articles are produced and its results constitute significant growth in scientific knowledge. In the normal science phase both successes and failures will be achieved; the failures are called by Kuhn ''anomalies'', or ''events that go against the paradigm''.