Changes

{{q4|<translate>Then poor Mary Poppins is a TMD patient or she is not!</translate>|<translate>let's see what Classical Language Logic tells us</translate>}}

{{q4|<translate>Then poor Mary Poppins is a TMD patient or she is not!</translate>|<translate>let's see what Classical Language Logic tells us</translate>}}

<translate>In addition to the confirmations derived from the logic of medical language discussed in the previous chapter, the dentist colleague acquires other instrumental data that allow him to confirm his diagnosis. The latter tests concern the analysis of the axiographic traces by using a customized functional paraocclusal clutch which allow the visualization and quantification of the condylar traces in masticatory functions</translate>. <translate>As can be seen from Figure 4 the flattening of the condylar traces on the right side both in the mediotrusive masticatory kinetics (green colour) and the opening and protrusion cycles (gray colour) confirm the anatomical and functional flattening of the right TMJ in the dynamics chewing. In addition to the axiography, the colleague performs a surface electromyography on the masseters (Fig. 6) asking the patient to exert  the maximum of his muscles force. This type of electromyographic analysis is called "EMG Interferential Pattern" due to the high frequency content of the spikes that undergo phase interference</translate>. <translate>In fact, Figure 6 shows an asymmetry in the recruitment of the motor units of the right masseter (upper trace) compared to those of the left masseter (lower trace).</translate><ref>{{cite book  

<translate>In addition to the confirmations derived from the logic of medical language discussed in the previous chapter, the dentist colleague acquires other instrumental data that allow him to confirm his diagnosis. The latter tests concern the analysis of the axiographic traces by using a customized functional paraocclusal clutch which allow the visualization and quantification of the condylar traces in masticatory functions</translate>. <translate>As can be seen from Figure 4 the flattening of the condylar traces on the right side both in the mediotrusive masticatory kinetics (green colour) and the opening and protrusion cycles (gray colour) confirm the anatomical and functional flattening of the right TMJ in the dynamics chewing.</translate> <translate>In addition to the axiography, the colleague performs a surface electromyography on the masseters (Fig. 6) asking the patient to exert  the maximum of his muscles force. This type of electromyographic analysis is called "EMG Interferential Pattern" due to the high frequency content of the spikes that undergo phase interference</translate>. <translate>In fact, Figure 6 shows an asymmetry in the recruitment of the motor units of the right masseter (upper trace) compared to those of the left masseter (lower trace).</translate><ref>{{cite book  

  | autore = Castroflorio T

  | autore = Castroflorio T

  | autore2 = Talpone F

  | autore2 = Talpone F

  }}</ref>

  }}</ref>

  <center>

  <center>

==2nd Clinical Approach==

==<translate>2nd Clinical Approach</translate>==

(Hover over the images)

(<translate>Hover over the images</translate>)

</center>

</center>

<gallery mode="packed-hover" widths="250" heights="182" perrow="3">

<gallery mode="packed-hover" widths="250" heights="182" perrow="3">

File:Spasmo emimasticatorio.jpg|'''Figure 2:''' Patient reporting 'Orofacial Pain' in the right hemilateral face

File:Spasmo emimasticatorio.jpg|'''<translate>Figure 2</translate>:''' <translate>Patient reporting 'Orofacial Pain' in his right hemilateral face</translate>

File:Spasmo emimasticatorio ATM.jpg|'''Figure 3:''' Patient's TMJ stratigraphy showing signs of condylar flattening and osteophyte

File:Spasmo emimasticatorio ATM.jpg|'''<translate>Figure 2</translate> 3:''' <translate>Patient's TMJ stratigraphy showing signs of condylar flattening and osteophyte</translate>

File:Atm1 sclerodermia.jpg|'''Figure 4:''' Computed Tomography of the TMJ

File:Atm1 sclerodermia.jpg|'''<translate>Figure 2</translate> 4:''' <translate>Computed Tomography of the TMJ</translate>

File:Spasmo emimasticatorio assiografia.jpg|'''Figure 5:''' Axiography of the patient showing a flattening of the chewing pattern on the right condyle

File:Spasmo emimasticatorio assiografia.jpg|'''<translate>Figure 2</translate> 5:''' <translate>Axiography of the patient showing a flattening of the chewing pattern on his right condyle</translate>

File:EMG2.jpg|'''Figure 6:''' EMG Interferential Pattern. Overlapping upper traces corresponding to the right masseter, lower to the left masseter.

File:EMG2.jpg|'''<translate>Figure 2</translate> 6:''' <translate>EMG Interferential Pattern</translate>. <translate>Overlapping upper traces corresponding to the right masseter, lower to the left masseter</translate>.

</gallery>

</gallery>

===Dental propositions===

===<translate>Dental propositions</translate>===

While seeking to use the mathematical formalism to translate the conclusions reached by the dentist with classical logic language, we consider the following predicates:

<translate>While seeking to use the mathematical formalism to translate the conclusions reached by the dentist with classical logic language, we consider the following predicates</translate>:

*''x'' <math>\equiv</math> Normal patients (normal stands for patients commonly present in the specialist setting)

*''x'' <math>\equiv</math> <translate>Normal patients (normal stands for patients commonly present in the specialist setting)</translate>

*<math>A(x) \equiv</math> Bone remodelling with osteophyte from stratigraphic examination and condylar CT; and

*<math>A(x) \equiv</math> <translate>Bone remodelling with osteophyte from stratigraphic examination and condylar CT</translate>; <translate>and</translate>

*<math>B(x)\equiv</math> Temporomandibular Disorders (TMDs) resulting in Orofacial Pain (OP)

*<math>B(x)\equiv</math> <translate>Temporomandibular Disorders (TMDs) resulting in Orofacial Pain (OP)</translate>

*<math>\mathrm{a}\equiv</math> Specific patient: Mary Poppins

*<math>\mathrm{a}\equiv</math> <translate>Specific patient</translate>: Mary Poppins

Any normal patient <math>\forall\text{x}

<translate>Any normal patient</translate> <math>\forall\text{x}

</math> which is positive on the radiographic examination of the TMJ <math>\mathrm{\mathcal{A}}(\text{x})</math>  [Fig. 2 and 3] is affected by TMDs <math>\rightarrow\mathrm{\mathcal{B}}(\text{x})</math> from this it follows that <math>\vdash</math> Mary Poppins being positive (and also being a "Normal" patient) on the TMJ x-ray <math>A(a)</math> then Mary Poppins is also affected by TMDs <math>\rightarrow \mathcal{B}(a)</math>

</math> <translate>who is positive on the radiographic examination of the TMJ</translate> <math>\mathrm{\mathcal{A}}(\text{x})</math>  [<translate>Figure</translate> 2 <translate>and</translate> 3] <translate>is affected by TMDs</translate> <math>\rightarrow\mathrm{\mathcal{B}}(\text{x})</math>; from this it follows that <math>\vdash</math> Mary Poppins being positive (and also being a "Normal" patient) on the TMJ x-ray <math>A(a)</math> then Mary Poppins is also affected by TMDs <math>\rightarrow \mathcal{B}(a)</math>

The language of predicates is expressed in the following way:

The language of predicates is expressed in the following way: